Constitution of India: features taken from other countries

Britain

1. Parliamentary government

2. Rule of Law

3. Legislative procedure

4. Single citizenship

5. Cabinet system

6. Prerogative writs

7. Parliamentary privileges

8. Bicameralism

Unites States of America

1. Impeachment of the president

2. Functions of president and vice-president

3. Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges

4. Fundamental Rights

5. Judicial review

6. Independence of judiciary

7. Preamble of the constitution

Ireland

1. Directive Principles of State Policy

2. Nomination of mem-bers to Rajya Sabha

3. Method of election of president

Canada

1. Federation with a strong Centre

2. Vesting of residuary powers in the Centre

3. Appointment of state governors by the Centre

4. Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court

Australia

1. Concurrent List

2. Freedom of trade

3. Commerce and intercourse

4. Joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament

Soviet Constitution (USSR, now Russia)

1. Fundamental duties

2. The ideal of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble

France

1. The ideals of Republic in the Preamble

2. The ideals of liberty in the Preamble

3. The ideals of equality in the Preamble

4. The ideals of fraternity in the Preamble

Weimar Constitution of Germany

1. Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency

South African Constitution

1. Procedure for amendment of the Constitution

2. Election of members of Rajya Sabha

Japan

1. Concept of “procedure established by Law”